<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<rss version="2.0"
	xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
>

<channel>
	<title>D&#233;partement de Physique de l'Ecole Normale sup&#233;rieure</title>
	<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/</link>
	<description>FR 684</description>
	<language>fr</language>
	<generator>SPIP - www.spip.net</generator>

	<image>
		<title>D&#233;partement de Physique de l'Ecole Normale sup&#233;rieure</title>
		<url>http://www.phys.ens.fr/IMG/siteon0.jpg</url>
		<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/</link>
		<height>77</height>
		<width>107</width>
	</image>


	



	<item>
		<title>Hamiltonian Theory of Fractional Chern Bands</title>
		<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1024</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1024</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-05-23T11:30:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		

<category domain="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99">Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013</category>


		<description>Jeudi 23 mai 2013 &lt;br /&gt;It has been known for some time that a system with a filled band will have an integer quantum Hall conductance equal to its Chern number, a toplogical index associated with the band. While this is true for a system in a magnetic field with filled Landau Levels, even a system in zero external field can exhibit the QHE if its band has a Chern number. I review this issue and discuss a more recent question of whether a partially filled Chern band can exhibit the Fractional (...)


-
&lt;a href="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99" rel="directory"&gt;Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;Jeudi 23 mai 2013&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;It has been known for some time that a system with a filled band will have an integer
quantum Hall conductance equal to its Chern number, a toplogical index associated
with the band. While this is true for a system in a magnetic field with filled Landau
Levels, even a system in zero external field can exhibit the QHE if its band has a
Chern number. I review this issue and discuss a more recent question of whether a
partially filled Chern band can exhibit the Fractional QHE. I describe the work done
with Ganpathy Murthy in which we show how composite fermions, which were so
useful in explaining the usual FQHE, can be introduced here and with equal success
by adapting our Hamiltonian Theory of CFs developed for the FQHE in the
continuum.&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;b&gt;13h30 - Conf IV&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
24 rue Lhomond, Paris&lt;br&gt;
Contact : benjamin.huard@ens.fr, aleksandra.walczak@ens.fr&lt;br&gt;
http://www.phys.ens.fr/&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>



	<item>
		<title>TRANSITION DE FUSION DES DISQUES DURS : LA SOLUTION D'UNE ENIGME CINQUANTENAIRE</title>
		<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1026</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1026</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-05-17T15:20:22Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		

<category domain="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique17">&#192; la une</category>


		<description>Depuis cinquante ans, la question fait rage de savoir comment se passe la transition de fusion dans les syst&#232;mes bidimensionnels de disques durs : est-ce comme en trois dimensions, par une transition abrupte (de premier ordre), ou par un m&#233;canisme de type Kosterlitz-Thouless, avec des changements continus entre le liquide et un &#233;tat dit &quot;hexatique&quot; puis entre l'hexatique et le solide ? Etienne P. Bernard et Werner Krauth ont montr&#233; avec un nouvel algorithme de simulation que la transition de (...)

-
&lt;a href="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique17" rel="directory"&gt;&#192; la une&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src=&quot;IMG/arton1026.png&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; width=&quot;120&quot; height=&quot;82&quot; onmouseover=&quot;this.src='IMG/artoff1026.png'&quot; onmouseout=&quot;this.src='http://www.phys.ens.fr/IMG/arton1026.png'&quot; class=&quot;spip_logos&quot; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Depuis cinquante ans, la question fait rage de savoir comment se passe la transition de fusion dans les syst&#232;mes bidimensionnels de disques durs : est-ce comme en trois dimensions, par une transition abrupte (de premier ordre), ou par un m&#233;canisme de type Kosterlitz-Thouless, avec des changements continus entre le liquide et un &#233;tat dit &quot;hexatique&quot; puis entre l'hexatique et le solide ? Etienne P. Bernard et Werner Krauth ont montr&#233; avec un nouvel algorithme de simulation que la transition de fusion ne suit aucun des deux sc&#233;narios si longtemps &#233;tudi&#233;s : elle proc&#232;de bien par l'interm&#233;diaire d'une phase hexatique, mais la transition liquide-hexatique est, elle, du premier ordre, tandis que la transition hexatique-solide est continue.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Le mod&#232;le des disques durs joue un r&#244;le fondamental en physique statistique. Introduit par D. Bernoulli, en 1738, et constitu&#233; simplement de disques imp&#233;n&#233;trables d'un m&#234;me diam&#232;tre remplissant une fraction finie de l'espace bidimensionnel, il a &#233;t&#233; &#233;tudi&#233; par des grands physiciens, tel Boltzmann. D&#232;s 1962, des simulations num&#233;riques d'Alder et Wainwright montraient, &#224; la surprise g&#233;n&#233;rale, que des disques durs subissaient une transition de phase entre un liquide (&#224; basse densit&#233;) et un solide bidimensionnel (&#224; haute densit&#233;), m&#234;me si &#224; deux dimensions, il ne pouvait pas exister d'&#233;tat cristallin. Pendant cinquante ans, la question a fait rage de savoir comment exactement se passait la transition de fusion dans ce syst&#232;me fondateur : &#233;tait-ce simplement, comme en trois dimensions, par une transition abrupte (de premier ordre), ou par un m&#233;canisme typiquement bidimensionnel de type Kosterlitz-Thouless, avec des changements continus entre le liquide et un &#233;tat dit &quot;hexatique&quot; puis entre l'hexatique et le solide ? Des centaines d'articles ont &#233;t&#233; &#233;crits, mais les chercheurs n'arrivaient pas &#224; se mettre d'accord sur l'un ou l'autre des sc&#233;narii ...&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;En 2011, Etienne P. Bernard et Werner Krauth, du Laboratoire de physique statistique (ENS-CNRS-UPMC) ont montr&#233; (avec un nouvel algorithme de simulation) que ce v&#233;n&#233;rable mod&#232;le cachait en fait un grand secret :&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;sa transition de fusion ne suivait aucun des deux sc&#233;narios si longtemps &#233;tudi&#233;s : la fusion des disques durs proc&#232;de bien par l'interm&#233;diaire d'une phase hexatique, mais la transition liquide-hexatique est, elle, du premier ordre, tandis que la transition hexatique-solide est continue. Avant d'accepter cette solution-surprise, encore fallait-il la tester de mani&#232;re ind&#233;pendante. C'est maintenant chose faite, avec une collaboration associant des chercheurs sur trois continents, (Universit&#233; du Michigan, MIT, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japon, ENS). Utilisant trois m&#233;thodes totalement ind&#233;pendantes (dont l'algorithme de Metropolis massivement parall&#232;le sur cartes graphiques, et un algorithme ultra-rapide de dynamique mol&#233;culaire), la collaboration a pu confirmer l'ensemble des r&#233;sultat de 2011. Avec ce r&#233;sultat fondamental et sa confirmation claire, nous comprenons enfin la fusion du syst&#232;me bidimensionnel le plus simple, et tenons en main une cl&#233; pour la compr&#233;hension de la transition de fusion dans des films, des couches minces, et aux interfaces.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Article original (de 2011) : E. P. Bernard, W. Krauth &quot;First-order liquid-hexatic transition in hard
disks&quot; Physical Review Letters 107, 155704 (2011)&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;M. Engel, J. A. Anderson, S. C. Glotzer, M. Isobe, E. P. Bernard, W. Krauth &#171; Hard-disk equation of state : First-order liquid-hexatic transition in two dimensions with three simulation methods &#187; Phys. Rev. E 87, 042134 (2013)&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Contact chercheur : Werner KRAUTH +33 6 76 32 10 61 werner.krauth@ens.fr&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Page web : http://www.lps.ens.fr/ krauth/ (contient des articles sur cette question).&lt;/p&gt; &lt;dl class='spip_document_351 spip_documents spip_documents_center' &gt;
&lt;dt&gt;&lt;img src='http://www.phys.ens.fr/local/cache-vignettes/L245xH169/Tfdd-ed11b.png' width='245' height='169' alt='PNG - 21.6 ko' style='height:169px;width:245px;' class=' format_png' /&gt;&lt;/dt&gt;
&lt;dd class='spip_doc_descriptif' style='width:245px;'&gt;&#233;quation d'&#233;tat (Pression/densit&#233;) suivant les trois m&#233;thodes de simulation utilis&#233;es (ECMC : Event-chain Monte Carlo - ENS/France ; MPMC - Massively parallel Monte Carlo - Michigan/USA ; EDMC : Event-driven molecular dynamics - Nagoya/Japon).&lt;/dd&gt;
&lt;/dl&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>



	<item>
		<title>Mean-field electrodynamics its glorious past and uncertain future</title>
		<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1025</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1025</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-05-16T11:30:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		

<category domain="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99">Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013</category>


		<description>Jeudi 16 mai 2013 &lt;br /&gt;Mean-field electrodynamics was conceived as a model of dynamo action on large scales due to small scale velocity fields. The model equations for the mean field, which can give growing solutions in axisymmetric geometries (thus circumventing Cowling's Theorem), have led to a very large number of analytical and numerical studies, and have produced plausible descriptions of the solar magnetic cycle. The underlying theory is undoubtedly correct in some parameter ranges but (...)


-
&lt;a href="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99" rel="directory"&gt;Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;Jeudi 16 mai 2013&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;Mean-field electrodynamics was conceived as a model of dynamo action on large
scales due to small scale velocity fields. The model equations for the mean field,
which can give growing solutions in axisymmetric geometries (thus circumventing
Cowling's Theorem), have led to a very large number of analytical and numerical
studies, and have produced plausible descriptions of the solar magnetic cycle. The
underlying theory is undoubtedly correct in some parameter ranges but problems
arise when there is the possibility of dynamo action on the smallest scales. In addition
there are difficulties in extending the models into the nonlinear regime, where
Lorentz forces affect the flow. I will review the history of the model, investigate its
theoretical underpinning and will discuss the implications of recent work.&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;b&gt;13h30 - Conf IV&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
24 rue Lhomond, Paris&lt;br&gt;
Contact : benjamin.huard@ens.fr, aleksandra.walczak@ens.fr&lt;br&gt;
http://www.phys.ens.fr/&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>



	<item>
		<title>QUANTUM FINITE NON-EQUILIBRIUM THERMODYNAMICS</title>
		<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1017</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1017</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-04-25T11:30:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		

<category domain="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99">Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013</category>


		<description>Jeudi 25 avril 2013 &lt;br /&gt;The laws of thermodynamics need to be generalized to the finite, quantum, non-equilibrium domain. It is by no means clear how to achieve this. In particular, how exactly are we to phrase the concepts of heat, work and entropy in the most general context ? I plan to review some of the most relevant approaches and then, based on this, argue that : &lt;br /&gt;a) the usual entropies (due to Shannon and von Neumann, classically and quantum respectively) are not sufficient to discuss (...)


-
&lt;a href="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99" rel="directory"&gt;Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;Jeudi 25 avril 2013&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;The laws of thermodynamics need to be generalized to the finite, quantum, non-equilibrium
domain. It is by no means clear how to achieve this. In particular, how exactly are we to phrase
the concepts of heat, work and entropy in the most general context ? I plan to review some of the
most relevant approaches and then, based on this, argue that :&lt;br&gt;
a) the usual entropies (due to Shannon and von Neumann, classically and quantum respectively)
are not sufficient to discuss state transformations (we need a more general concept of &#8220;majorisation&#8221;) ;&lt;br&gt;
b) the relationship between information and work requires us to use more generalized (Renyi)
entropies ;&lt;br&gt;
c) work is, in the quantum setting, not represented by an operator ;&lt;br&gt;
d) any conclusions are highly sensitive to how we define the &#8220;rules of the game&#8221; ;&lt;br&gt;
e) how do we include finite time transformations ?&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;These are just some of the issues we need to face, but there may be others en route to formulating
the most general theory of thermodynamics. This is, of course, not only of pure academic
interest, but is becoming of practical importance though our advances in nano and quantum technologies.
If time permits, I will draw parallels between how we understand entanglement through
local operation and how we formulate thermodynamical entropy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;b&gt;13h30 - Conf IV&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
24 rue Lhomond, Paris&lt;br&gt;
Contact : benjamin.huard@ens.fr, aleksandra.walczak@ens.fr&lt;br&gt;
http://www.phys.ens.fr/&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>



	<item>
		<title>Formation &#224; la programmation scientifique sous Python pour les professeurs de CPGE</title>
		<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1022</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1022</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-04-24T12:52:50Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		

<category domain="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique17">&#192; la une</category>


		<description>Les d&#233;partements de physique et d'informatique de l'ENS ont organis&#233; les 15 et 16 avril derniers un stage de formation &#224; la programmation scientifique sous Python &#224; destination des professeurs des classes pr&#233;paratoires scientifiques (CPGE). Le langage Python, tr&#232;s utilis&#233; &#224; l'ENS, pour la recherche comme pour l'enseignement de la physique num&#233;rique, vient d'&#234;tre introduit dans les nouveaux programmes de CPGE qui prendront effet &#224; la rentr&#233;e 2013, ce qui a motiv&#233; l'organisation de cette formation. Plus (...)

-
&lt;a href="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique17" rel="directory"&gt;&#192; la une&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src=&quot;IMG/arton1022.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; width=&quot;120&quot; height=&quot;58&quot; onmouseover=&quot;this.src='IMG/artoff1022.jpg'&quot; onmouseout=&quot;this.src='http://www.phys.ens.fr/IMG/arton1022.jpg'&quot; class=&quot;spip_logos&quot; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Les d&#233;partements de physique et d'informatique de l'ENS ont organis&#233; les
15 et 16 avril derniers un stage de formation &#224; la programmation
scientifique sous Python &#224; destination des professeurs des classes
pr&#233;paratoires scientifiques (CPGE). Le langage Python, tr&#232;s utilis&#233; &#224;
l'ENS, pour la recherche comme pour l'enseignement de la physique
num&#233;rique, vient d'&#234;tre introduit dans les nouveaux programmes de CPGE
qui prendront effet &#224; la rentr&#233;e 2013, ce qui a motiv&#233; l'organisation de
cette formation. Plus de 200 demandes d'inscription ont &#233;t&#233;
enregistr&#233;es, 70 participants ont pu &#234;tre accueillis.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Les enseignants, Emmanuelle Gouillart de Saint-Gobain Recherche, Ga&#235;l
Varoquaux de l'INRIA, Emmanuel Dormy et Werner Krauth du D&#233;partement de
Physique, et Damien Vergnaud du d&#233;partement d'informatique, ont pr&#233;sent&#233;
l'installation du langage Python pour les divers syst&#232;mes
d'exploitation, les &#233;l&#233;ments essentiels du langage et son application &#224;
diff&#233;rents domaines scientifiques. De jeunes doctorants et
post-doctorants des d&#233;partements de physique et d'informatique ont aid&#233;
les participants &#224; mettre en oeuvre en temps r&#233;el sur leurs ordinateurs
portables les exemples propos&#233;s.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Le support en ligne mis en place pour cette formation est disponible &#224;
l'adresse : &lt;a href=&quot;http://python-prepa.github.io/&quot; class=&quot;spip_out&quot;&gt;http://python-prepa.github.io/&lt;/a&gt;
Il permet de s'initier et de se familiariser au langage Python et
fournit de nombreux exemples concrets d'utilisation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>



	<item>
		<title>EINSTEIN'S PHOTON AND BOHR'S ATOM REVISITED IN CAVITY QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS</title>
		<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1016</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1016</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-04-18T11:30:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		

<category domain="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99">Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013</category>


		<description>Jeudi 18 avril 2013 &lt;br /&gt;This year, Bohr's model of the Hydrogen atom is 100 years old. Height years after Einstein showed that light is quantized and introduced the concept of photons, the young Danish physicist announced in 1913 that matter too could be described by quanta. He postulated that, in the Hydrogen atom, only a set of orbits is allowed, corresponding to discrete energies and radiuses. He added that emission and absorption of light by the atom occurs by quantum jumps between these (...)


-
&lt;a href="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99" rel="directory"&gt;Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;Jeudi 18 avril 2013&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;This year, Bohr's model of the Hydrogen atom is 100 years old. Height years after
Einstein showed that light is quantized and introduced the concept of photons, the
young Danish physicist announced in 1913 that matter too could be described by
quanta. He postulated that, in the Hydrogen atom, only a set of orbits is allowed,
corresponding to discrete energies and radiuses. He added that emission and
absorption of light by the atom occurs by quantum jumps between these discrete
orbits. These jumps, occurring at random times, are correlated with the appearance
or disappearance of light quanta whose very existence was predicted by Einstein.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Since then, quantum theory has gained considerable precision and complexity, but
remarkably, these century-old concepts remain valid. The experiments of cavity
quantum electrodynamics we perform at Laboratoire Kastler-Brossel on circular Rydberg
atoms, which interact with photons trapped in superconducting cavities, illustrate
straightforwardly the ideas of Bohr and Einstein. The atoms we use are ruled
by Bohr's model and the photons, which we detect without demolishing them thanks
to these atoms, behave like the photons Einstein thought of trapping and counting
in a box. These studies can hence be considered as the realization of some thought
experiments that these founding fathers of quantum theory had envisioned, yet
believing they would forever stay virtual. I will describe these experiments enabling
the control and manipulation of photons by atoms by showing how they illustrate the
principles of quantum physics and could someday lead to interesting applications
for quantum information processing.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;b&gt;13h30 - Conf IV&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
24 rue Lhomond, Paris&lt;br&gt;
Contact : benjamin.huard@ens.fr, aleksandra.walczak@ens.fr&lt;br&gt;
http://www.phys.ens.fr/&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>



	<item>
		<title>Cours : Des cages de lumi&#232;re pour les atomes : la physique des pi&#232;ges et des r&#233;seaux optiques</title>
		<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1020</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1020</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-04-15T15:31:51Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		

<category domain="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique17">&#192; la une</category>


		<description>Gr&#226;ce &#224; la lumi&#232;re issue de faisceaux lasers, il est possible de cr&#233;er des &#171; paysages de potentiel &#187; qui permettent de contr&#244;ler le mouvement d'atomes pr&#233;alablement refroidis. Les atomes peuvent rester confin&#233;s dans ces cages de lumi&#232;re pendant de longues dur&#233;es et leur dynamique y prend des formes tr&#232;s vari&#233;es, en fonction de la nature du paysage r&#233;alis&#233;. Apr&#232;s avoir pr&#233;sent&#233; les principes de base qui r&#233;gissent le contr&#244;le du mouvement atomique par la lumi&#232;re, nous nous int&#233;resserons plus particuli&#232;rement (...)

-
&lt;a href="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique17" rel="directory"&gt;&#192; la une&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src=&quot;IMG/arton1020.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; width=&quot;84&quot; height=&quot;120&quot; onmouseover=&quot;this.src='IMG/artoff1020.jpg'&quot; onmouseout=&quot;this.src='http://www.phys.ens.fr/IMG/arton1020.jpg'&quot; class=&quot;spip_logos&quot; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Gr&#226;ce &#224; la lumi&#232;re issue de faisceaux lasers, il est possible de cr&#233;er des &#171; paysages de potentiel &#187; qui permettent de contr&#244;ler le mouvement d'atomes pr&#233;alablement refroidis. Les atomes peuvent rester confin&#233;s dans ces cages de lumi&#232;re pendant de longues dur&#233;es et leur dynamique y prend des formes tr&#232;s vari&#233;es, en fonction de la nature du paysage r&#233;alis&#233;. Apr&#232;s avoir pr&#233;sent&#233; les principes de base qui r&#233;gissent le contr&#244;le du mouvement atomique par la lumi&#232;re, nous nous int&#233;resserons plus particuli&#232;rement aux r&#233;seaux optiques, c'est-&#224;-dire aux potentiels p&#233;riodiques cr&#233;&#233;s par une ou plusieurs ondes lumineuses stationnaires.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Le mouvement d'atomes dans un r&#233;seau optique pr&#233;sente une analogie profonde avec celui d'&#233;lectrons dans un cristal ; nous montrerons donc comment lui appliquer les concepts issus de la physique des solides, th&#233;or&#232;me de Bloch, bandes d'&#233;nergies, mod&#232;les des liaisons faibles et fortes, etc. Nous discuterons ensuite certaines applications remarquables des r&#233;seaux optiques, comme le ph&#233;nom&#232;ne de localisation dynamique et les oscillations de Bloch. Nous terminerons le cours de cette ann&#233;e avec quelques illustrations du lien entre phases quantiques, g&#233;om&#233;trie et topologie dans ces r&#233;seaux.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;Cours les vendredis &#224; 9h30.&lt;br&gt;
S&#233;minaire les vendredis &#224; 11h30.&lt;br&gt;
Amphith&#233;&#226;tre Maurice Halbwachs. Ouverture le 17 mai 2013.&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		
		<enclosure url="http://www.phys.ens.fr/IMG/pdf/Dalibard_CoursSeminaire_2013.pdf" length="159238" type="application/pdf" />
		

	</item>



	<item>
		<title>First cosmological results from the Planck satellite</title>
		<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1013</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1013</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-04-11T11:30:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		

<category domain="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99">Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013</category>


		<description>Jeudi 11 avril 2013 &lt;br /&gt;Sketched out in 1992, selected by ESA in 1996, launched in 2009, Planck will have delivered on March 21st its first full sky maps of the millimetric emission at 9 frequencies, as well as those which follow from them, and in particular Planck map of the anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). The later displays minuscule variations as a function of the observing direction of the temperature of the fossile radiation around its mean temperature of 2.725K. I (...)


-
&lt;a href="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99" rel="directory"&gt;Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;Jeudi 11 avril 2013&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Sketched out in 1992, selected by ESA in 1996, launched in 2009, Planck will have delivered on
March 21st its first full sky maps of the millimetric emission at 9 frequencies, as well as those
which follow from them, and in particular Planck map of the anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave
Background (CMB). The later displays minuscule variations as a function of the observing
direction of the temperature of the fossile radiation around its mean temperature of 2.725K. I will
briefly describe how these high resolution maps with a precision of a few parts in a million have
been obtained, from collection to analysis of the first 500 billion samples of our HFI instrument.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;CMB anisotropies reveal the imprint of the primordial fluctuations which initiate the growth of the
large scale structures of the Universe, as transformed by their evolution, in particular during the
first 370 000 years, i.e. till the Universe became transparent and the forming of the image we
record today. The statistical characteristics of these anisotropies allow constraining jointly the
physics of the creation of the primordial fluctuations and that of their evolution. They teach us the
possible value of the parameters of the models which we confront to data. I will describe Planck
estimates of the density of the constituents of the Universe (usual matter, cold dark matter or
CDM, dark energy...), and their implication in terms of derived quantities like the expansion rate or
the spatial curvature. I will review what we learnt on the generation of the fluctuation, and wil
discuss extensions of the standard cosmological model, so called &quot;Lambda-CDM&quot;, both in term of
non minimal physical models &#8212; multi-field inflation for instance, or additional constituents - like
cosmic strings or a fourth neutrino.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Finally, I will briefly describe other promising results on the matter distribution which is travelled
through by the CMB image on its long 13.7 billion years trip towards us. I will mention in particular
what we can learn on the dark matter distribution - which is detected through its distorting effet of
the CMB image by gravitationnal lensing, or that of hot gaz, which is revealed by the spectral
distortion it induces.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;&lt;b&gt;This seminar will be introduced by Professor Viatcheslav Mukhanov who will put these
results in perspective.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;b&gt;13h30 - Room 236 - 2nd floor&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
29 rue d'Ulm, Paris&lt;br&gt;
Contact : benjamin.huard@ens.fr, aleksandra.walczak@ens.fr&lt;br&gt;
http://www.phys.ens.fr/&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>



	<item>
		<title>Conf&#233;rence exceptionnelle de Lev Pitaevskii</title>
		<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1018</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1018</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-04-08T16:02:41Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		

<category domain="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique17">&#192; la une</category>


		<description>&quot;First and second sound in Fermi gas at unitarity&quot;. Lev Pitaevskii - Department of Physics, University of Trento - and CNR-INO BEC Center, Trento, Italy &lt;br /&gt;Recent achievements of experimental technique have permitted to create fluids with odd properties &#8211; ultracold Fermi gases near the Feshbach resonance in magnetic field. These gases are dilute and interaction between their atoms is defined by a single parameter &#8211; the scattering length. At some values of the magnetic field this length becomes (...)


-
&lt;a href="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique17" rel="directory"&gt;&#192; la une&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;img src=&quot;IMG/arton1018.jpg&quot; alt=&quot;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; width=&quot;99&quot; height=&quot;120&quot; onmouseover=&quot;this.src='IMG/artoff1018.jpg'&quot; onmouseout=&quot;this.src='http://www.phys.ens.fr/IMG/arton1018.jpg'&quot; class=&quot;spip_logos&quot; /&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;&lt;strong class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;&quot;First and second sound in Fermi gas at unitarity&quot;.
Lev Pitaevskii - Department of Physics, University of Trento - and CNR-INO BEC Center, Trento, Italy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Recent achievements of experimental technique have permitted to create fluids with odd properties &#8211; ultracold Fermi gases near the Feshbach resonance in magnetic field. These gases are dilute and interaction between their atoms is defined by a single parameter &#8211; the scattering length. At some values of the magnetic field this length becomes infinite. One obtains a universal fluid &#8211; a unitary Fermy gas, a system with strong interaction, whose properties do not depend on any parameters.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Experiments with ultracold gases are typically performed in elongated traps. If the viscosity and thermal conductivity are large enough, one can reformulate the Landau two-fluid hydrodynamics as a system of 1D equations. The equations have been applied to the description of the first and second sound oscillations at unitary Fermi gas.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class=&quot;spip&quot;&gt;Two types of experiments with the unitary Fermi gas were performed in Prof. Grimm's group at Innsbruck. Discrete modes of first sound were observed and frequencies coincide with the theoretical predictions with good accuracy (data on the equation of state from MIT group were used). Propagation of the second sound pulse was also observed and the temperature dependency of the superfluid density was defined.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;S&#233;minaire exceptionnel du D&#233;partement de physique&lt;br&gt;
Ecole normale sup&#233;rieure - 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris.&lt;br&gt;
Mercredi 10 avril, 2013&lt;br&gt;
14h30 Salle de conf&#233;rences IV (E244-2&#232;me &#233;tage)&lt;br&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		
		<enclosure url="http://www.phys.ens.fr/IMG/pdf/Avril_2013_affiche_Lev_Pitaevskii.pdf" length="1366937" type="application/pdf" />
		

	</item>



	<item>
		<title>A scientist's eye view of research for sustainable energy</title>
		<link>http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1012</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?article1012</guid>
		<dc:date>2013-04-04T11:30:00Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>fr</dc:language>
		

<category domain="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99">Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013</category>


		<description>Jeudi 4 avril 2013 &lt;br /&gt;We face one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century : providing more and more energy to meet rising demand, but keeping it affordable, secure, reliable and sustainable. But &#8216;sustainable' means different things to different people &#8211; from discovering and recovering more oil and gas to minimizing the impacts on natural resources used in energy. In this talk, I will outline the importance of scientific research to both finding new solutions and providing trusted data to (...)


-
&lt;a href="http://www.phys.ens.fr/spip.php?rubrique99" rel="directory"&gt;Ann&#233;e 2012 - 2013&lt;/a&gt;


		</description>


 <content:encoded>&lt;div class='rss_chapo'&gt;Jeudi 4 avril 2013&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_texte'&gt;We face one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century : providing more and more
energy to meet rising demand, but keeping it affordable, secure, reliable and
sustainable. But &#8216;sustainable' means different things to different people &#8211; from
discovering and recovering more oil and gas to minimizing the impacts on natural
resources used in energy. In this talk, I will outline the importance of scientific
research to both finding new solutions and providing trusted data to underpin
informed decisions about energy, water, land and minerals. Examples of research
addressing these topics will be presented from a perspective of the scientific
challenges in delivering new value in the energy system. These will span the
disciplinary space of geoscience, chemistry, biology and natural resource systems.&lt;/div&gt;
		&lt;div class='rss_ps'&gt;&lt;b&gt;13h30 - Conf IV&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br&gt;
24 rue Lhomond, Paris&lt;br&gt;
Contact : benjamin.huard@ens.fr, aleksandra.walczak@ens.fr&lt;br&gt;
http://www.phys.ens.fr/&lt;/div&gt;
		</content:encoded>


		

	</item>





</channel>

</rss>
